B.Pharma Important Question
BP-604T,
Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics,
VI Sem, RGPV, B.Pharmacy
UNIT I Introduction to Biopharmaceutics
Q.1 Define Absorption. Explain the various mechanisms of drug absorption. Discuss in detail the various physico-chemical and pharmaceutical factors affecting drug absorption. (RGPV May 2024)
Q.2 Write in detail about protein binding and its significance. Explain the kinetics of protein binding. Explain about binding of drugs to HAS (Human Serum Albumin). (RGPV May 2024)
Q.3 Define drug distribution. Describe the factors affecting distribution. Explain intra cellular and extra cellular binding of drugs. How is drug distributed to CNS and fetus through blood brain barrier and placental barrier respectively? (RGPV Nov 2023)
Q.4 Write about plasma protein binding of drugs. Define volume of administration and give its significance. How we can determine Vd? (RGPV Nov 2023)
Q.5 Classify mechanism of drug absorption and explain about passive transport processes. (RGPV May 2023)
Q.6 Explain how factors affecting protein binding of drugs? (RGPV May 2023)
Q.7 Discuss about drug solubility, dissolution rate and salt form of the drug affecting drug absorption. (RGPV May 2023)
Q.8 Write about drug levels at steady state or plateau. (RGPV May 2023)
Q.9 Discuss about patient related factors affecting drug absorption. (RGPV May 2023)
UNIT II Elimination, Bioavailability & Bioequivalence
Q.1 What is Clearance? Give the formula for the same. Explain organ clearance and hepatic extraction ratio. Explain the process of renal elimination and factors affecting renal excretion of drugs. (RGPV May 2024)
Q.2 What do you understand by pH-partition theory? Give its importance and its limitations. (RGPV May 2024)
Q.3 Explain in detail the different theories of dissolution. (RGPV May 2024)
Q.4 Explain in detail about the methods to enhance the dissolution rate and bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs. (RGPV May 2024)
Q.5 Define Bioavailability. Mention the objectives of Bioavailability studies. Explain about the subject selection criterion in bioavailability studies. Discuss the various study designs in for performing bioavailability. (RGPV Nov 2023)
Q.6 Define bioequivalence. Explain various types of equivalence. Discuss the various considerations for bioequivalence studies. Explain two way cross over design. (RGPV Nov 2023)
Q.7 Discuss Phase-I metabolic reactions with suitable examples. (RGPV May 2023)
Q.8 Classify methods for measurement of bioavailability and describe pharmacokinetic. (RGPV May 2023)
Q.9 Explain methods to improve bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs. (RGPV May 2023)
UNIT III Pharmacokinetics
Q.1 Define biotransformation. Explain with examples phase I and phase II reactions. How do you calculate the pharmacokinetic parameters for a drug undergoing metabolism and no metabolism from the urine data? Give the relevant graphs. (RGPV May 2024)
Q.2 Explain Statistical Moment’s theory. Give the formula for AUMC and MRT. What is the difference between AUC and AUMC? Define MRT and give its equation. (RGPV Nov 2023)
Q.3 Estimate the following pharmacokinetic parameters when a drug given by intravascular injection (bolus) assuming one compartment open model? (RGPV May 2023)
i) Elimination rate constant
ii) Elimination half-life
iii) Clearance
Q.4 Explain significance of clearance of drug from the body. (RGPV May 2023)
Q.5 Explain the non-linear pharmacokinetics of a drug given through intravenous bolus injection. (RGPV May 2023)
UNIT IV Multicompartment Models
Q.1 Draw a typical plasma concentration time profile curve following oral, IV bolus and IV infusion and explain the pharmacokinetic parameters that can be determined from the same. (RGPV May 2024)
Q.2 Discuss in detail two-compartment open model for a drug administered as IV Bolus. Give the schematic representation, graphs and equations for the same. (RGPV Nov 2023)
Q.3 Define loading and maintenance dose. Give the formula for the same. Give the equations to calculate the steady state maximum, minimum and average drug concentrations. Give the plasma concentration time – plot for multiple dosing of an IV bolus. What do you understand by accumulation index and give the formula. (RGPV Nov 2023)
Q.4 Explain principle of plateau or steady state. What are the factors which influence dosage regimen? Name two parameters used in adjusting dosage regimen. Define dosing frequency. (RGPV Nov 2023)
Q.5 Explain determination of excretion rate constant by excretion rate method. (RGPV May 2023)
Q.6 Explain kinetics of multiple dosing of drugs. (RGPV May 2023)
UNIT V Nonlinear Pharmacokinetics
Q.1 Explain the various factors leading to non-linearity. Explain Michaelis-Menten equation in determining non-linearity. How do you estimate Km and Vmax? (RGPV May 2024)
Q.2 Write Michaelis-Menten equation. (RGPV May 2023)
Extra Questions
Q.1 Compare and contrast passive diffusion versus active transport. Add a note on facilitated transport. Write in detail about carrier mediated transport mechanism. (RGPV May 2024)
Q.2 Write a short note on any two: (RGPV May 2023)
a) Non per oral extra-vascular routes
b) In vitro In vivo correlation
c) Non compartment model
d) Sigma minus method for determination of elimination rate constant
— Best of Luck for Exam —
