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Syllabus of Diploma (RGPV), V Sem, Electrical Engineering

Syllabus of Diploma (RGPV) Semester-V, Electrical Engineering

​MICROCONTROLLER APPLICATIONS, PAPER CODE : 7443, SUBJECT CODE : 501

Unit – I : Introduction to Microcontrollers

  • Evolution of Microcontrollers
  • Block diagram of Microcomputer, elements of Microcomputer, types of buses
  • Von Neuman and Harward Architecture
  • Compare Microprocessor and Microcontrollers
  • Need of Microcontroller
  • Family of Microcontrollers and their specifications
  • Versions of Microcontroller 8951, 89C1051, 89C2051, 89C4051 with their specifications and comparison

Unit – II : Architecture of Microcontroller 8051

  • Block diagram of 8051, function of each block
  • Pin diagram, function of each pin
  • Concept of Internal memory and External memory (RAM and ROM)
  • Internal RAM structure
  • Reset and clock circuit
  • Various registers and SFRs of 8051

Unit– III : 8051 Instruction Set and Programs

  • Overview of 8051 instruction set
  • Various addressing modes
  • Classification of instructions
  • Data transfer instructions
  • Arithmetic instructions
  • Logical instructions
  • Branching instructions
  • Bit manipulation instructions
  • Stack, subroutine and interrupt related instructions
  • Programs based on above instructions

Unit– IV : Assembly Language Programming

  • Software development steps
  • Software development tools like Editor, Assembler, Linker, Loader and Hex converters.
  • Role of various files created at various levels in running a Assembly program using simulators like RIDE or KEIL.
  • Various directives of Assembly language programming
  • Programs using directives.

Unit– V : 8051 Internal Peripherals and Related Programs

  • I/O ports- List, diagram, read write operation, instructions and related SFRs
  • Timers/counters – list, related SFRs, programming modes, operations with diagram.
  • Serial communication- Basics of serial communication, baud rate, related SFRs, programming modes, operations with diagram.
  • Interrupts- related SFRs, types, operations with diagram.
  • Power saving operation- modes, related SFR.

 

ENERGY CONSERVATION AND AUDIT, PAPER CODE : 7444, SUBJECT CODE : 502

Unit – I : Energy Conservation Basics

  • Energy Scenario: Primary and Secondary Energy, Energy demand and supply,
  • National scenario.
  • Energy conservation and Energy audit; concepts and difference
  • Indian Electricity Act 2001; relevant clauses of energy conservation
  • BEE and its Roles
  • MEDA and its Roles
  • Star Labelling: Need and its benefits.

Unit – II : Energy Conservation in Electrical Machines

  • Need for energy conservation in induction motor and transformer.
  • Energy conservation techniques in induction motor by:
  • Improving Power quality.
  • Motor survey
  • Matching motor with loading.
  • Minimizing the idle and redundant running of motor.
  • Operating in star mode.
  • Rewinding of motor.
  • Replacement by energy efficient motor
  • Periodic maintenance
  • Energy conservation techniques in Transformer.
  • Loading sharing
  • Parallel operation
  • Isolating techniques.
  • Replacement by energy efficient transformers. Periodic maintenance.
  • Energy Conservation Equipment: Soft starters, Automatic star delta convertor, Variable Frequency Drives, Automatic p. f. controller (APFC), Intelligent p. f. controller (IPFC)
  • Energy efficient motor; significant features, advantages, applications and limitations.
  • Energy efficient transformers, amorphous transformers; epoxy Resin cast transformer / Dry type of transformer.

Unit– III Energy conservation in Electrical Installation systems

  • Aggregated Technical and commercial losses (ATC); Power system at state, regional, national and global level.
  • Technical losses; causes and measures to reduce by.
  1. a) Controlling I2R losses.
  2. b) Optimizing distribution voltage
  3. c) Balancing phase currents
  4. d) Compensating reactive power flow
  • Commercial losses: pilferage, causes and remedies
  • Energy conservation equipment: Maximum Demand Controller , kVAR Controller, Automatic Power Factor controller(APFC)
  • Energy Conservation in Lighting System
  1. a) Replacing Lamp sources.
  2. b) Using energy efficient luminaries.
  3. c) Using light controlled gears.
  4. d) Installation of separate transformer / servo stabilizer for lighting.
  5. e) Periodic survey and adequate maintenance programs.
  • Energy Conservation techniques in fans, Electronic regulators.

Unit– IV Energy conservation through Cogeneration and Tariff

  • Co-generation and Tariff; concept, significance for energy conservation
  • Co-generation, Types of cogeneration on basis of sequence of energy use (Topping cycle, Bottoming cycle)
  • Types of cogeneration basis of technology (Steam turbine cogeneration, Gas turbine cogeneration, Reciprocating engine cogeneration).
  • Factors governing the selection of cogeneration system. Advantages of cogeneration.
  • Tariff: Types of tariff structure: Special tariffs; Time-off-day tariff, Peak-off-day tariff, Power factor tariff, Maximum Demand tariff, Load factor tariff.
  • Application of tariff system to reduce energy bill.

Unit– V Energy Audit of Electrical System

  • Energy audit (definition as per Energy Conservation Act)
  • Energy audit instruments and their use.
  • Questionnaire for energy audit projects.
  • Energy flow diagram (Sankey diagram)
  • Simple payback period, Energy Audit procedure (walk through audit and detailed audit).
  • Energy Audit report format.

 

ELECTRIC VEHICLES, PAPER CODE : 7445, SUBJECT CODE : 511

Unit – I Introduction to Hybrid Electric Vehicles

  • Evolution of Electric vehicles
  • Advanced Electric drive vehicle technology Vehicles-Electric vehicles (EV), Hybrid Electric drive (HEV), Plug in Electric vehicle (PIEV),
  • Components used Hybrid Electric Vehicle
  • Economic and environmental impacts of Electric hybrid vehicle
  • Parameters affecting Environmental and economic analysis
  • Comparative study of vehicles for economic, environmental aspects

Unit – II Dynamics of hybrid and Electric vehicles

  • General description of vehicle movement
  • Factors affecting vehicle motion- Vehicle resistance, tyre ground adhesion, rolling resistance, aerodynamic drag, equation of grading resistance, dynamic equation
  • Drive train configuration, Automobile power train, classification of vehicle power plant
  • Performance characteristics of IC engine, electric motor, need of gear box
  • Classification of motors used in Electric vehicles
  • Basic architecture of hybrid drive trains, types of HEVs
  • Energy saving potential of hybrid drive trains
  • HEV Configurations-Series, parallel, Series-parallel, complex.

Unit– III DC-DC Converters for EV and HEV Applications

  • EV and HEV configuration based on power converters
  • Classification of converters –unidirectional and bidirectional
  • Principle of step down operation
  • Boost and Buck- Boost converters
  • Principle of Step-Up operation
  • Two quadrant converters; multi quadrant converters

Unit– IV DC-AC Inverter & Motors for EV and HEVs

  • DC-AC Converters
  • Principle of operation of half bridge DC-AC inverter (R load, R-L load)
  • Single phase Bridge DC-AC inverter with R load, R-L load
  • Electric Machines used in EVs and HEVs, principle of operation, working & control
  • Permanent magnet motors, their drives, switched reluctance motor
  • Characteristics and applications of above motors

Unit– V Batteries

  • Overview of batteries
  • Battery Parameters, types of batteries
  • Battery Charging, alternative novel energy sources-solar photovoltaic cells, fuel cells, super capacitors, flywheels
  • Control system for EVs and HEVs, overview, Electronic control unit ECU
  • Schematics of hybrid drive train, control architecture
  • Regenerative braking in EVs

 

ELECTRIC TRACTION, PAPER CODE : 7446, SUBJECT CODE : 512

Unit – I Basics of Traction

  • General description of Electrical Traction system in India.
  • Advantages and Disadvantages of Electric Drive, Diesel Electric Drive, Battery Drive
  • Problems associated with AC traction System and remedies for it.
  • Voltage balance, current balance, production of harmonics, induction effects.
  • Metro rail system, features

Unit – II Power Supply Arrangements

  • Constituents of supply system:-
    • Substation: layout, list of equipment and their functions
    • Feeding post: list of equipment and their functions
    • Feeding and sectioning Arrangements
    • Sectioning and paralleling post
    • Sub sectioning and Paralleling post
    • Sub sectioning post
    • Elementary section
  • Major equipment at substation, Miscellaneous equipment at control post or Switching station
  • Protection system for traction transformer and 25 kV centenary construction

Unit– III Overhead Equipment

  • Different types of overhead equipments
  • Pentagonal OHE Centenary Construction
  • Different Types of Centenary according to speed Limit
  • OHE Supporting Structure, Cantilever assembly diagram
  • Overhead system- Trolley collector, Bow collector, Pantograph Collector
  • Types and construction of pantograph

Unit– IV Electric Locomotive

  • Classification and Nomenclature of Electric Locomotive
  • Block diagram of AC locomotive
  • Power Circuit of AC Locomotive
  • Equipment (List and Function only) used in auxiliary circuit of AC Locomotive
  • Loco bogie classification according to wheel arrangements
  • Maintenance of AC systems

Unit– V Traction Motors and Train Lighting

  • Desirable characteristics of traction motor.
  • Types of motors used for traction with their characteristics and features
  • Control of motors used for traction and methods to control
  • Requirements of braking, types of braking
  • Electric braking, Regenerative braking
  • Systems of train lighting, Single battery, double battery parallel block system
  • SG, HOG, End on generation

Unit VI. Signalling and Supervisory Control

  • Requirements of signaling systems
  • Types of signals, track circuits
  • Advantages of remote control
  • Systems of remote control, equipment and network
  • Metro rail-supply systems, advantages, schemes in India

 

ILLUMINATION PRACTICES, PAPER CODE : 7447, SUBJECT CODE : 521

Unit – I Fundamentals of illumination

  • Basic illumination, Terminology, Laws of illumination
  • Polar curves, polar curve: its meaning and applications for designing the lamp.
  • Concept of Photometry, Measurement of illumination
  • Lighting calculation methods, Watt /m2 method, Lumens or light flux method, Point to point method
  • Standards for illumination

Unit – II Types of lamps

  • Incandescent lamp, ARC lamps – AC and DC arc lamps, Fluorescent lamp
  • Types of other lamps: Mercury vapour lamp, HPMV lamp, Mercury iodide lamp, Sodium vapour lamp, Halogen Lamps, Ultraviolet Lamps, Neon Lamps. Neon Sign Tubes. Metal halides, HID and Arc lamps
  • LED lamps, CFL, Lasers
  • Selection Criteria for lamps

Unit– III Illumination Control and Control Circuits

  • Purpose of lighting control, and Dimmer, Resistance type Salt water Dimmer
  • Working principle and operation of Dimmer
  • Transformer and their types, Dimmer Transformer, Auto transformer dimmer, Two winding transformer dimmer
  • Electronic Dimmer: working principle and operation
  1. Thyristor operated dimmer
  2. Triac operated dimmer
  • Control of Enhance Lighting, Methods used for light control, Control circuits for lamps (refer): ON/OFF control
  • Control circuits for lamps: single lamp controlled by single switch, two switches.
  • Single Lamp control by two point method, three point method and four point method,

Unit– IV Illumination for Interior Applications

  • Standard for various locations of Interior Illumination
  • Design considerations for Interior location of residences (1/2/3/4 BHK), Commercial, Industrial premises
  • Illumination scheme for different Interior locations of Residential, Commercial, industrial unit

Unit– V Illumination for Interior Applications

  • Factory Lighting
  • Street Lighting (Latest Technology), Flood Lighting
  • Railway Lighting
  • Lighting for advertisement /Hoardings/sports lighting, Agriculture and Horticulture lighting, Health Care Centres / Hospitals, Decorating Purposes, Stage Lighting, Aquariums and Shipyards
  • Special purpose lamps used in photography video films.

 

SWITCHGEAR AND PROTECTION, PAPER CODE : 7448, SUBJECT CODE : 522

Unit – I Basics of Protection

  • Necessity, functions of protective system.
  • Normal and abnormal conditions.
  • Types of faults and their causes.
  • Protection zones and backup protection
  • Short circuit fault calculations in lines fed by generators through transformers
  • Need of current limiting reactors and their arrangements.

Unit – II Circuit Interruption Devices

  • Isolators- Vertical break, Horizontal break and Pantograph type.
  • HRC fuses – Construction, working, characteristics and applications.
  • Arc formation process, methods of arc extinction (High resistance and Low resistance), Arc voltage, Recovery voltage, Re-striking voltage, RRRV.
  • HT circuit breakers (Sulphur-hexa Fluoride (SF6), Vacuum circuit breaker) – Working, construction, specifications and applications.
  • T. circuit breaker (Air circuit breakers (ACB), Miniature circuit breakers (MCB), Moulded case circuit breakers (MCCB) and Earth leakage circuit breaker (ELCB)) – Working and applications.
  • Selection of LT and HT circuit breakers (ratings), Selection of MCCB for motors.
  • Gas insulated switchgear.

Unit– III Protective Relays

  • Fundamental quality requirements: Selectivity, Speed, Sensitivity, Reliability, Simplicity, Economy.
  • Basic relay terminology- Protective relay, Relay time, Pick up, Reset current, current setting,
  • Plug setting multiplier, Time setting multiplier.
  • Protective relays: Classification, principle of working, construction and operation of – Electromagnetic (Attracted armature type, Solenoid type, Watt-hour meter type) relay, Thermalrelay. Block diagram and working of Static relay.
  • Overcurrent relay-Time current characteristics.
  • Microprocessor based over current relays: Block diagram, working.
  • Distance relaying- Principle, operation of Definite distance relays.
  • Directional relay: Need and operation.
  • Operation of current and voltage differential relay.

Unit– IV Protection of Alternator and Transformer

Alternator Protection

  • Faults, Differential protection Over current, earth fault, overheating and field failure, protection.
  • Reverse power protection.

Transformer Protection

  • Faults, Differential, over current, earth fault, over heating protection, Limitations of differential protection.
  • Buchholz relay: Construction, operation, merits and demerits.

Unit– V Protection of Motors, Bus-bar and Transmission Line Motor

  • Short circuit protection, Overload protection, Single phase preventer.

Bus bar and Transmission line

  • Faults on Bus bar and Transmission Lines.
  • Bus bar protection: Differential and Fault bus protection.
  • Transmission line: Over current, Distance and Pilot wire protection.

 

RENEWABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES, PAPER CODE : 7601, SUBJECT CODE : 531

UNIT-I: Introduction:

  • World Energy Use; Reserves of Energy Resources; Environmental Aspects of Energy Utilisation;
  • Renewable Energy Scenario in India and around the World; Potentials; Achievements / Applications;
  • Economics of renewable energy systems.

Unit-II: Solar energy:

  • Solar Radiation; Measurements of Solar Radiation; Flat Plate and Concentrating Collectors;
  • Solar direct Thermal Applications; Solar thermal Power Generation Fundamentals of Solar Photo Voltaic Conversion;
  • Solar Cells; Solar PV Power Generation; Solar PV Applications.

Unit-III: Wind Energy:

  • Wind Data and Energy Estimation; Types of Wind Energy Systems;
  • Performance; Site Selection; Details of Wind Turbine Generator;
  • Safety and Environmental Aspects.

Unit-IV: Bio-Energy:

  • Biomass direct combustion; Biomass gasifiers; Biogas plants;
  • Digesters; Ethanol production; Bio diesel; Cogeneration; Biomass Applications.

Unit-V: Other Renewable Energy Sources:

  • Tidal energy; Wave Energy; Open and Closed OTEC Cycles;
  • Small Hydro-Geothermal Energy; Hydrogen and Storage;
  • Fuel Cell Systems; Hybrid Systems.

 

INTERNET OF THINGS, PAPER CODE : 7602, SUBJECT CODE : 532

Unit I – Introduction to Internet of Things

  • Define the term “Internet of Things”
  • State the technological trends which have led to IoT.
  • Describe the impact of IoT on society.

Unit II – Design consideration of IoT

  • Enumerate and describe the components of an embedded system.
  • Describe the interactions of embedded systems with the physical world.
  • Name the core hardware components most commonly used in IoT devices.

Unit III – Interfacing by IoT devices

  • Describe the interaction between software and hardware in an IoT device.
  • Explain the use of networking and basic networking hardware.
  • Describe the structure of the Internet.

==End of Syllabus==

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